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{"sheet":"About","index":0,"n_rows":3,"n_cols":1,"rows_kept":3,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[0,1,1,1]]}
["Establishment approach assessment tool"]
["For each of the factors listed (see 'Score sheet'), enter a score (range 1-10) into the appropriate 'Score choice' cell'. \nNote: Although some scores are defined, any score can be entered. \n\nThe total scores produced are for guidance only:\nSee the 'The total score' and 'Before you act' sheets, in addition to the AHDB Arable soil management: Cultivation and crop establishment publication. \n\nUse the results to help identify potential improvements across your farming system. Where possible, adapt management to achieve higher scores. Fields associated with higher scores are more likely to suit reduced-tillage approaches. A managed approach, which adapts cultivations (as required) and management on a rotational basis, is likely to result in greater yield consistency and gross margins over the longer term."]
["ahdb.org.uk/arablesoils"]

{"sheet":"Score sheet","index":1,"n_rows":23,"n_cols":12,"rows_kept":23,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[20,1,21,1],[0,2,0,11],[0,0,0,1],[2,1,3,1],[4,1,5,1],[6,1,7,1],[8,1,9,1],[10,1,11,1],[12,1,13,1],[14,1,15,1],[16,1,17,1],[18,1,19,1],[12,0,13,0],[14,0,15,0],[16,0,17,0],[18,0,19,0],[20,0,21,0],[2,0,3,0],[4,0,5,0],[6,0,7,0],[8,0,9,0],[10,0,11,0],[2,7,2,9],[2,10,2,11],[4,2,4,3],[4,5,4,6],[4,8,4,9],[8,2,8,3],[8,4,8,6],[8,7,8,9],[8,10,8,11],[10,2,10,3],[18,2,18,3],[18,10,18,11],[18,4,18,5],[10,5,10,6],[2,2,2,3],[2,4,2,6],[10,7,10,8],[10,10,10,11],[1,2,1,11]]}
[null,null,"Establishment approach assessment tool"]
["Score\nchoice","Factor","Factor score choices"]
["Enter score","Rainfall","Annual rainfall\n>1250 mm",null,"Annual rainfall\n1250–950 mm",null,null,"Annual rainfall\n950–650 mm",null,null,"Annual rainfall\n<650 mm"]
[null,null,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]
["Enter score","Soil","Slumping-prone sands and silts",null,null,"Soil varied; some non-structuring",null,null,"Heavy soil; self-structuring",null,null,"Light/medium soil; self-structuring"]
[null,null,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]
["Enter score","Management","Prescriptive/little time",null,null,"Prescriptive/some time",null,null,"Flexible/little time",null,null,"Flexible/good time"]
[null,null,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]
["Enter score","Drainage","Drainage issues common",null,"Some drainage issues",null,null,"Well drained, low permeability",null,null,"Freely drained, permeable"]
[null,null,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]
["Enter score","Residues/organic matter","Residues removed and no organic matter returned",null,null,"Residues removed and farmyard manure (FYM) or other organic amendments returned",null,"Some residues removed, no organic matter returned",null,null,"All residues remain and are well-managed; FYM or other organic amendments also returned"]
[null,null,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]
["Enter score","Cover/catch crop","Not used",null,null,"Experimenting",null,null,null,"Some used",null,"Widespread use"]
[null,null,1,2,3,4,4,5,6,8,7,10]
["Enter score","Trafficking policy","No controlled traffic farming    \nHigh-pressure tyres used",{"$nulls":4},"No controlled traffic farming     \nLow-pressure tyres used",null,"Some controlled traffic farming \nLow-pressure tyres used",null,"Fully controlled traffic farming  \nLow-pressure tyres used"]
[null,null,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]
["Enter score","Irrigation",null,"Regular irrigation",{"$nulls":7},"No irrigation"]
[null,null,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]
["Enter score","Weeds","High pressure (annual meadow grass, rye-grass and brome)",null,"High black-grass pressure",null,null,null,"Borderline manageable",null,"Manageable with rotations"]
[null,null,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]
["Enter score","Pests","General pest risk ",null,null,"Slug risk high",null,null,"Slugs manageable",null,null,"Slugs controlled"]
[null,null,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]
["Total Score",{"$f":"SUM(A3:A22)","v":0}]

{"sheet":"The total score","index":2,"n_rows":10,"n_cols":2,"rows_kept":10,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[0,0,0,1],[1,0,1,1]]}
["Establishment approach assessment tool"]
["The total scores produced are for guidance only (see 'Before you act' sheet). Use them to identify potential improvements across your farming system. Where possible, adapt management to achieve higher scores. Fields associated with higher scores are more likely to suit reduced-tillage approaches. A change in cultivation approach does not necessarily mean going from one extreme to the other. Tillage operations cover varying degrees of soil movement, from relatively little disturbance to complete inversion."]
["Total score","Establishment options: combinable crops/leys"]
["<60","Varied approach required, with occasional inversion tillage"]
["60–70","Aim to reduce tillage (option to strip till possible)"]
[">70","Aim to significantly reduce tillage (option to direct drill, when appropriate)"]
["Total score","Establishment options: potato, root and field vegetable crops"]
["<55","Conventional approach often required, but varied in response to season and conditions"]
["55–65","Aim to reduce tillage (intensity) and depths for subsoiling, ploughing, bed tillage and separation depth"]
[">65","Aim to reduce tillage (operations and intensity) and depths for subsoiling, ploughing, bed tillage, separation depth and de-clodding"]

{"sheet":"Before you act","index":3,"n_rows":3,"n_cols":1,"rows_kept":3,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[]}
["Establishment approach assessment tool"]
["Before considering reduced cultivations:\n\n• Determine if the soil type is suitable\n• Do your research: visit other farms using reduced tillage\n• Start with fields where soil structure and drainage are in a good state\n• Assess how often reduced cultivations may have been appropriate over recent seasons\n• Carefully assess whether soil and weather conditions are suitable each season\n• Be flexible: change back, if conditions dictate\n• Manage trafficking and ground pressures: minimise the impact of heavy equipment \n• Ideally, carry out all cultivations on friable, workable soil\n• Soil-loosen, if necessary. Grow roots through the soil, whenever possible, to stabilise structure\n• Assess current system and equipment needs compared to those needed for reduced cultivations\n• Change to a new system in a planned manner. Soil type will often choose your system for you\n• Consider machinery-sharing, contracting or trading in some existing machinery to fund reinvestment\n\n\n"]
["ahdb.org.uk/arablesoils"]