{"text_format":"2","workbook":"xlsx","n_sheets":9,"sheets":["Intro","Block Calving","Block calving KPIs","Sheet2","Block graph calcs - HIDE","AYR calving","AYR KPIs","AYR graph calcs - HIDE","KPI definitions"],"not_rendered":{"charts":40,"images":6,"macros":0,"external_links":0,"defined_names":2,"comments":5,"pivot_tables":0},"unopened":[],"bounds":{"document_bytes":16777216,"sheet_cells":100000,"run_cost":"one","rows_first":2000,"rows_last":500,"rows_between":2000,"halvings":0,"cell_chars":16384,"cell_head_chars":4096},"cells_cut":0,"cells_raw":0,"read":"whole","date_system":"1900"}

{"sheet":"Intro","index":0,"n_rows":7,"n_cols":4,"rows_kept":7,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[]}
[]
[]
[]
[null,null,"Dairy systems key performance indicator tool"]
[]
[]
[null,null,null,"Which calving system do you use?"]

{"sheet":"Block Calving","index":1,"n_rows":102,"n_cols":7,"rows_kept":102,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[11,1,11,4],[91,1,91,4],[13,1,13,4],[15,1,15,4],[14,1,14,4],[54,2,54,4],[59,2,59,4],[5,1,5,4],[7,1,7,4],[8,1,8,4],[6,1,6,4],[10,1,10,4],[9,1,9,4],[100,0,100,6],[101,0,101,6],[44,1,49,1],[50,1,53,1],[54,1,60,1],[61,1,79,1],[95,1,95,4],[82,1,87,1]]}
[]
[null,"If you already know your KPIs please enter them in the white boxes below"]
[null,"Please note if you have a KPI value but want a new one calculated, leave the row blank for that KPI"]
[null,"Move your mouse over red triangles for more information"]
[null,"Dairy enterprise KPIs - block calving"]
[null,"Cows and heifers calved within the first 6 weeks",{"$nulls":4},"%"]
[null,"Herd replacement rate",{"$nulls":4},"%"]
[null,"Solids output per ha",{"$nulls":4},"kg milk solids/ha"]
[null,"Milk yield from forage (litres)",{"$nulls":4},"litres"]
[null,"Milk yield from forage (milk solids)",{"$nulls":4},"kg milk solids"]
[null,"Overheads (excluding rent and finance)",{"$nulls":4},"ppl"]
[null,"Genetic merit",{"$nulls":4},"Percentile"]
[null,"Business financial measures"]
[null,"Full economic net margin",{"$nulls":4},"ppl"]
[null,"Full economic costs of production",{"$nulls":4},"ppl"]
[null,"Return on tenants-type capital",{"$nulls":4},"%"]
[]
[]
[null,"Otherwise, fill out the white boxes in the form below using your figures for the last 12 months. "]
[]
[null,"Milk"]
[null,"Total annual litres produced",{"$nulls":4},"litres"]
[null,"Average butterfat %",{"$nulls":4},"%"]
[null,"Average protein %",{"$nulls":4},"%"]
[]
[null,"Inputs"]
[null,"Total forage area used for herd ",{"$nulls":4},"hectares"]
[null,"Concentrate used per cow",{"$nulls":4},"kg"]
[]
[null,"Herd"]
[null,"Average number of cows in herd"]
[null,"Number of cows (incl. heifers) calved in first 6 weeks"]
[null,"Total number of cows to calve"]
[null,"Total number of cows leaving herd "]
[]
[null,"Income"]
[null,"Milk Sales"]
[null,"Milking cow sales"]
[null,"Cull sales"]
[null,"Calf and heifer sales"]
[null,"Other dairy  income (e.g. from muck sales etc)"]
[]
[null,"Expenses"]
[null,"Livestock costs","Dairy heifer/cow/bull purchases"]
[null,"Feed costs","Cow concentrates"]
[null,null,"Bulk feeds (inc. purchased forage)"]
[null,null,"Youngstock concentrates"]
[null,null,"Minerals and supplements"]
[null,null,"Short-term keep"]
[null,null,"Value of homegrown cereals and proteins"]
[null,"Forage costs","Fertiliser"]
[null,null,"Lime"]
[null,null,"Seeds and sprays"]
[null,null,"Silage additive, plastic and forage sundries"]
[null,"Dairy variable costs","Vet and medicine "]
[null,null,"AI, semen and bull hire"]
[null,null,"Dairy office and recording"]
[null,null,"Parlour - service and maintenance"]
[null,null,"Parlour - dairy chemicals"]
[null,null,"Dairy sundries "]
[null,null,"Straw and bedding"]
[null,"Overheads","Paid labour"]
[null,null,"Family/unpaid labour "]
[null,null,"Repairs and spares"]
[null,null,"Fuel and oil"]
[null,null,"Electricity"]
[null,null,"Vehicle tax and insurance"]
[null,null,"Contractors "]
[null,null,"Water"]
[null,null,"General insurance"]
[null,null,"Office costs"]
[null,null,"Miscellaneous costs"]
[null,null,"Council tax"]
[null,null,"Advice and professional fees"]
[null,null,"Repairs/maintenance on land and buildings"]
[null,null,"Depreciation (fixtures/machinery/vehicles)"]
[null,null,"Depreciation (buildings)"]
[null,null,"Rent"]
[null,null,"Bank charges (excluding interest)"]
[null,null,"Rental value of owned land"]
[]
[null,"Capital employed"]
[null,"Management valuations","Opening valuation of dairy  livestock"]
[null,null,"Closing valuation of dairy livestock"]
[null,null,"Machinery"]
[null,null,"Feed in store"]
[null,null,"Fuel in store"]
[null,null,"Fertiliser in store"]
[]
[null,"Genetics - Spring Block"]
[null,"Number of cows in spring block",null,null,"(If zero, leave blank)"]
[null,"SCI percentile score"]
[]
[null,"Genetics - Autumn Block "]
[null,"Number of cows in autumn block",null,null,"  (If zero, leave blank)"]
[null,"ACI percentile score"]
[]
[]
[]
[]
["Please note that any user-provided KPI values will be displayed instead of the calculated values. "]
["If you wish to only see KPIs calculated from your inputs please delete entries from the first table on this page."]

{"sheet":"Block calving KPIs","index":2,"n_rows":23,"n_cols":6,"rows_kept":23,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[0,1,1,12],[11,1,11,5]]}
[null,"Block Calving KPIs"]
[]
[]
[null,"Dairy enterprise KPIs","Excellent","Good","Average","Your Performance"]
[null,"Cows and heifers calved within the first 6 weeks",">90%",0.8,0.7,{"$f":"IF(ISBLANK('Block Calving'!F6),'Block Calving'!F32/'Block Calving'!F33,'Block Calving'!F6)","v":{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}}]
[null,"Herd replacement rate","<20%",0.22,0.26,{"$f":"IF(ISBLANK('Block Calving'!F7),'Block Calving'!F34/'Block Calving'!F31,'Block Calving'!F7)","v":{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}}]
[null,"Solids output (kg milk solids per ha)",">1,500",1250,1100,{"$f":"IF(ISBLANK('Block Calving'!F8),('Block Calving'!F22*1.03)*('Block Calving'!F23+'Block Calving'!F24)/'Block Calving'!F27,'Block Calving'!F8)","v":{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}}]
[null,"Milk yield from forage (litres)",">5,000",4000,2750,{"$f":"IF(ISBLANK('Block Calving'!F9),('Block Calving'!F22/'Block Calving'!F31)-('Block Calving'!F28/0.45),'Block Calving'!F9)","v":{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}}]
[null,"Milk yield from forage (kg milk solids)",">427",342,235,{"$f":"IF(ISBLANK('Block Calving'!F10),(('Block Calving'!F22/'Block Calving'!F31)-('Block Calving'!F28/0.45))*1.03*('Block Calving'!F23+'Block Calving'!F24),'Block Calving'!F10)","v":{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}}]
[null,"Overheads* (ppl)",9,10.5,12.5,{"$f":"IF(ISBLANK('Block Calving'!F11),SUM('Block Calving'!F62:F77)/'Block Calving'!F22*100,'Block Calving'!F11)","v":{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}}]
[null,"Genetic Merit ",0.05,0.25,0.5,{"$f":"IF(ISBLANK('Block Calving'!F12),IF(ISBLANK('Block Calving'!F92),IF(ISBLANK('Block Calving'!F96),\"#DIV/0!\",'Block Calving'!F96),IF(ISBLANK('Block Calving'!F96),'Block Calving'!F92,(('Block Calving'!F95*'Block Calving'!F96)+('Block Calving'!F91*'Block Calving'!F92))/SUM('Block Calving'!F91,'Block Calving'!F95))),'Block Calving'!F12)","v":"#DIV/0!"}]
[null,"*excluding rent and finance                                                                                                                      Please note that any user-provided KPI values are displayed over calculated values"]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[null,"Business financial measures","Excellent","Good","Average","Your Performance"]
[null,"Full economic net margin (ppl)",7,2,-3,{"$f":"IF(ISBLANK('Block Calving'!F14),(SUM('Block Calving'!F37:F41,('Block Calving'!F84-'Block Calving'!F83))-SUM('Block Calving'!F44:F80))/'Block Calving'!F22*100,'Block Calving'!F14)","v":{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}}]
[null,"Full economic costs of production (ppl)","<24",30,34.5,{"$f":"IF(ISBLANK('Block Calving'!F15),SUM('Block Calving'!F44:F80)/'Block Calving'!F22*100,'Block Calving'!F15)","v":{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}}]
[null,"Return on tenants-type capital",">20%",0.14000000000000001,0.03,{"$f":"IF(ISBLANK('Block Calving'!F16),(SUM('Block Calving'!F37:F41,('Block Calving'!F84-'Block Calving'!F83))-SUM('Block Calving'!F44:F80))/SUM(AVERAGE('Block Calving'!F84,'Block Calving'!F83),'Block Calving'!F85:F88),'Block Calving'!F16)","v":{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}}]
[]
[]
[{"$nulls":4},"Please note the some graph axes run from right to left"]

{"sheet":"Sheet2","index":3,"n_rows":16,"n_cols":7,"rows_kept":16,"cut":false,"hidden":true,"merged":[]}
[]
[null,"6-wk calving rate"]
[null,"Deviation on optimum calving block","2 weeks longer","4 weeks longer","6 weeks longer","8 weeks longer"]
[null,"Impact on profit per cow",-0.05,-0.1,-0.24,-0.38]
[]
[]
["block (weeks)",6,8,10,12,14]
["% in 1st 6wk (if linear)",1,{"$f":"$B$7/C7","v":0.75},{"$f":"$B$7/D7","v":0.6},0.5,0.42857142857142855]
["Impact on prof per cow",0,-0.05,-0.1,-0.24,-0.38]
[]
["block (weeks)","% in 1st 6wk (if linear)","Impact on prof per cow"]
[14,0.42857142857142855,-0.38,null,null,0.8,{"$f":"VLOOKUP(F12,B11:C16,2,TRUE)","v":-0.05}]
[12,0.5,-0.24]
[10,0.6,-0.1]
[8,0.75,-0.05]
[6,1,0]

{"sheet":"Block graph calcs - HIDE","index":4,"n_rows":89,"n_cols":33,"rows_kept":89,"cut":false,"hidden":true,"merged":[[12,27,12,30],[10,27,10,30],[11,27,11,30],[2,27,2,30],[3,27,3,30],[4,27,4,30],[5,27,5,30],[6,27,6,30],[7,27,7,30],[8,27,8,30]]}
[null,null,"Cows calved within the first 6 weeks"]
[null,null,null,"Average","Good","Excellent","Overcooked performance","Range max",{"$nulls":19},"TEST NUMBER SET"]
[null,null,"Performance targets",0.7,0.8,0.9,"n/a",1,{"$nulls":19},"Cows and heifers calved within the first 6 weeks",null,null,null,0.85,"%"]
[null,null,null,"Trigger: below average","Above average","Good","Excellent",{"$nulls":20},"Herd replacement rate",null,null,null,0.25,"%"]
[null,null,"Target ranges",{"$f":"D3","v":0.7},{"$f":"E3-D3","v":0.10000000000000009},{"$f":"F3-E3","v":9.9999999999999978E-2},{"$f":"H3-F3","v":9.9999999999999978E-2},{"$nulls":4},"Dairy enterprise KPIs","Average","Good","Excellent","Grey",{"$nulls":11},"Solids output per ha",null,null,null,1100,"kg milk solids/ha"]
[null,null,"Actual performance",{"$f":"'Block calving KPIs'!F5","v":{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}},{"$nulls":7},"Cows and heifers calved within the first 6 weeks",0.57999999999999996,0.75,0.9,{"$nulls":12},"Milk yield from forage",null,null,null,4500,"litres"]
[null,null,"performance calc",{"$f":"D6-(D8/2)","v":{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}},{"$nulls":7},"Solids output (kg milk solids per ha)",1000,1150,1250,{"$nulls":12},"     Milk yield from forage (milk solids)",null,null,null,{"$f":"AF6*0.082","v":369},"kg milk solids"]
[null,null,"performance width",6.0000000000000001E-3,{"$nulls":7},"Milk yield from forage (litres)",2600,3300,4000,{"$nulls":12},"Overheads (excluding rent and finace)",null,null,null,9,"ppl"]
[{"$nulls":11},"Herd replacement rate",0.25,0.21,0.18,0.18,{"$nulls":11},"Genetic merit",null,null,null,0.45,"Percentile"]
[null,null,"Herd Replacement rate (%)",{"$nulls":8},"Overheads* as a proportion of income",0.41,0.37,0.3,{"$nulls":12},"Business financial measures"]
[null,null,"Overcooked performance","Excellent performance","Good performance","Average performance",null,"Range max",null,null,null,"Genetic Merit ",0.5,0.25,0.1,{"$nulls":12},"Full economic costs of production",null,null,null,25,"ppl"]
[null,"Performance targets",0.18,0.2,0.22,0.26,null,1,{"$nulls":19},"Return on tenants-type capital",null,null,null,0.13,"%"]
[null,null,"Review","Excellent","Good","Above average","Trigger: below average",{"$nulls":20},"Full economic net margin",null,null,null,5,"ppl"]
[null,"Target ranges",{"$f":"C12","v":0.18},{"$f":"D12-C14","v":2.0000000000000018E-2},{"$f":"E12-D12","v":1.999999999999999E-2},{"$f":"F12-E12","v":4.0000000000000008E-2},{"$f":"H12-F12","v":0.74}]
[null,"Actual performance",null,{"$f":"'Block calving KPIs'!F6","v":{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}}]
[null,"performance calc",null,{"$f":"D15-(D17/2)","v":{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}}]
[null,"performance width",null,2.5000000000000001E-3]
[]
[null,null,"Solids output per ha (kg milk solids)"]
[null,null,null,"Average","Good","Excellent","Overcooked performance","Range max"]
[null,null,"Performance targets",1100,1250,1500,"n/a",2000]
[null,null,null,"Trigger: below average","Above average","Good","Excellent"]
[null,null,"Target ranges",{"$f":"D21","v":1100},{"$f":"E21-D21","v":150},{"$f":"F21-E21","v":250},{"$f":"H21-F21","v":500}]
[null,null,"Actual performance",{"$f":"'Block calving KPIs'!F7","v":{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}}]
[null,null,"performance calc",{"$f":"D24-(D26/2)","v":{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}}]
[null,null,"performance width",15]
[]
[null,null,"Milk yield from forage (litres)"]
[null,null,null,"Average","Good","Excellent","Overcooked performance","Range max"]
[null,null,"Performance targets",2750,4000,5000,"n/a",8000]
[null,null,null,"Trigger: below average","Above average","Good","Excellent"]
[null,null,"Target ranges",{"$f":"D30","v":2750},{"$f":"E30-D30","v":1250},{"$f":"F30-E30","v":1000},{"$f":"H30-F30","v":3000}]
[null,null,"Actual performance",{"$f":"'Block calving KPIs'!F8","v":{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}}]
[null,null,"performance calc",{"$f":"D33-(D35/2)","v":{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}}]
[null,null,"performance width",40]
[]
[null,null,"Milk yield from forage (kg MS)"]
[null,null,null,"Average","Good","Excellent","Overcooked performance","Range max"]
[null,null,"Performance targets",235,342,427,"n/a",1000]
[null,null,null,"Trigger: below average","Above average","Good","Excellent"]
[null,null,"Target ranges",{"$f":"D39","v":235},{"$f":"E39-D39","v":107},{"$f":"F39-E39","v":85},{"$f":"H39-F39","v":573}]
[null,null,"Actual performance",{"$f":"'Block calving KPIs'!F9","v":{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}}]
[null,null,"performance calc",{"$f":"D42-(D44/2)","v":{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}}]
[null,null,"performance width",6]
[]
[null,null,"Overheads ppl"]
[null,null,null,"Excellent","Good","Average","Overcooked performance","Range max"]
[null,null,"Performance targets",9,10.5,12.5,"n/a",25]
[null,null,null,"Excellent","Good","Above average","Trigger: below average"]
[null,null,"Target ranges",{"$f":"D48","v":9},{"$f":"E48-D48","v":1.5},{"$f":"F48-E48","v":2},{"$f":"H48-F48","v":12.5}]
[null,null,"Actual performance",{"$f":"'Block calving KPIs'!F10","v":{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}}]
[null,null,"performance calc",{"$f":"D51-0.003","v":{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}}]
[null,null,"performance width",0.1]
[]
[null,null,"Genetic merit"]
[null,null,null,"Excellent","Good","Average","Overcooked performance","Range max"]
[null,null,"Performance targets",0.05,0.25,0.5,"n/a",1]
[null,null,null,"Excellent","Good","Above average","Trigger: below average"]
[null,null,"Target ranges",{"$f":"D57","v":0.05},{"$f":"E57-D57","v":0.2},{"$f":"F57-E57","v":0.25},{"$f":"H57-F57","v":0.5},{"$nulls":4},"Business financial measures","Average","Good","Excellent"]
[null,null,"Actual performance",{"$f":"'Block calving KPIs'!F11","v":"#DIV/0!"},{"$nulls":7},"Income retained",0.02,0.16,0.2]
[null,null,"performance calc",{"$f":"D60-(D62/2)","v":{"$error":"#VALUE!"}},{"$nulls":7},"Return on tenants-type capital",0.03,0.14000000000000001,0.2]
[null,null,"performance width",1.2E-2,{"$nulls":7},"Full economic costs of production (ppl)",33,29.6,23]
[]
[null,null,"Full economic costs of production (ppl)"]
[null,null,null,"Excellent","Good","Average",null,"Range max"]
[null,null,"Performance targets",24,30,34.5,null,50]
[null,null,null,"Excellent","Good","Above average","Trigger: below average"]
[null,null,"Target ranges",{"$f":"D66","v":24},{"$f":"E66-D66","v":6},{"$f":"F66-E66","v":4.5},{"$f":"H66-F66","v":15.5}]
[null,null,"Actual performance",{"$f":"'Block calving KPIs'!F19","v":{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}}]
[null,null,"performance calc",{"$f":"D69-(D71/2)","v":{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}}]
[null,null,"performance width",0.25]
[]
[null,null,"Return on tenants capital (%)"]
[null,null,null,"Average","Good","Excellent",null,"Range max","Range min"]
[null,null,"Performance targets",0.03,0.14000000000000001,0.2,null,1,-0.5]
[null,null,null,"Trigger: below average","Above average","Good","Excellent","negative"]
[null,null,"Target ranges",{"$f":"D75","v":0.03},{"$f":"E75-D75","v":0.11000000000000001},{"$f":"F75-E75","v":0.06},{"$f":"H75-F75","v":0.8},{"$f":"I75","v":-0.5}]
[null,null,"Actual performance",{"$f":"'Block calving KPIs'!F20","v":{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}}]
[null,null,"performance calc",{"$f":"IF(D78<0,D78+(D80/2),D78-(D80/2))","v":{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}}]
[null,null,"performance width",6.0000000000000001E-3]
[]
[null,null,"full ec net margin ppl"]
[null,null,null,"Average","Good","Excellent",null,"Range max","Range min"]
[null,null,"Performance targets",-3,2,7,null,20,-20]
[null,null,null,"Trigger: below average","-ve ab av","Above average","Good","Excellent","negative"]
[null,null,"Target ranges",{"$f":"I84-D84","v":-17},{"$f":"D84","v":-3},{"$f":"E84","v":2},{"$f":"F84-E84","v":5},{"$f":"H84-F84","v":13}]
[null,null,"Actual performance",{"$f":"'Block calving KPIs'!F18","v":{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}}]
[null,null,"performance calc",{"$f":"IF(D87<0,D87+0.003,D87-0.003)","v":{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}}]
[null,null,"performance width",0.2]

{"sheet":"AYR calving","index":5,"n_rows":112,"n_cols":7,"rows_kept":112,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[31,1,33,2],[10,1,10,4],[27,1,28,2],[29,1,30,2],[82,1,87,1],[111,0,111,6],[110,0,110,6],[61,1,79,1],[5,1,5,4],[6,1,6,4],[7,1,7,4],[8,1,8,4],[59,2,59,4],[9,1,9,4],[12,1,12,4],[14,1,14,4],[13,1,13,4],[54,2,54,4],[44,1,49,1],[50,1,53,1],[54,1,60,1]]}
[]
[null,"If you already know your KPIs please enter them in the white boxes below"]
[null,"Please note if you have a KPI value but want a new one calculated, leave the row blank for that KPI"]
[null,"Move your mouse over red triangles for more information"]
[null,"Dairy enterprise KPIs - all year round calving"]
[null,"Pregnancy rate",{"$nulls":4},"%"]
[null,"Age at first calving",{"$nulls":4},"months"]
[null,"Total purchased feed costs",{"$nulls":4},"ppl"]
[null,"Average daily lifetime yield",{"$nulls":4},"litres/day"]
[null,"Overheads (excluding rent and finance)",{"$nulls":4},"ppl"]
[null,"Genetic Merit",{"$nulls":4},"percentile"]
[null,"Business financial measures"]
[null,"Full economic net margin",{"$nulls":4},"ppl"]
[null,"Full economic costs of production",{"$nulls":4},"ppl"]
[null,"Return on tenants-type capital",{"$nulls":4},"%"]
[]
[]
[]
[null,"Otherwise, fill out the white boxes in the form below using your numbers for the last 12 months. "]
[]
[null,"Milk"]
[null,"Total annual litres produced",{"$nulls":4},"litres"]
[null,"Average butterfat %",{"$nulls":4},"%"]
[null,"Average protein %",{"$nulls":4},"%"]
[null,"Approx. annual yield per cow",{"$nulls":4},"litres"]
[]
[null,"Herd"]
[null,"First calvers",null,"Sum of ages",null,null,"months"]
[null,null,null,"Total number"]
[null,"Outgoing stock",null,"Average age at death or sale",null,null,"days"]
[null,null,null,"Average milk produced in life time",null,null,"litres"]
[null,"Breeding",null,"Cows eligible to be bred",null,null,"head"]
[null,null,null,"Cows inseminated",null,null,"head"]
[null,null,null,"Cows that become pregnant",null,null,"head"]
[]
[null,"Income"]
[null,"Milk Sales"]
[null,"Milking cow sales"]
[null,"Cull sales"]
[null,"Calf and heifer sales"]
[null,"Other dairy  income (e.g. from muck sales etc)"]
[]
[null,"Expenses"]
[null,"Livestock costs","Dairy heifer/cow/bull purchases"]
[null,"Feed costs","Cow concentrates"]
[null,null,"Bulk feeds (inc. purchased forage)"]
[null,null,"Youngstock concentrates"]
[null,null,"Minerals and supplements"]
[null,null,"Winter keep and short term grazing"]
[null,null,"Value of homegrown cereals and proteins"]
[null,"Forage costs","Fertiliser"]
[null,null,"Lime"]
[null,null,"Seeds and sprays"]
[null,null,"Silage additive, plastic and forage sundries"]
[null,"Dairy variable costs","Vet and medicine "]
[null,null,"AI, semen and bull hire"]
[null,null,"Dairy office and recording"]
[null,null,"Parlour - service and maintenance"]
[null,null,"Parlour - dairy chemicals"]
[null,null,"Dairy sundries "]
[null,null,"Straw and bedding"]
[null,"Overheads","Paid labour"]
[null,null,"Family/unpaid labour "]
[null,null,"Repairs and spares"]
[null,null,"Fuel and oil"]
[null,null,"Electricity"]
[null,null,"Vehicle tax and insurance"]
[null,null,"Contractors "]
[null,null,"Water"]
[null,null,"General insurance"]
[null,null,"Office costs"]
[null,null,"Miscellaneous costs"]
[null,null,"Council tax"]
[null,null,"Advice and professional fees"]
[null,null,"Repairs/maintenance on land and buildings"]
[null,null,"Depreciation (fixtures/machinery/vehicles)"]
[null,null,"Depreciation (buildings)"]
[null,null,"Rent"]
[null,null,"Bank charges (excluding interest)"]
[null,null,"Rental value of owned land"]
[]
[null,"Capital employed"]
[null,"Management valuations","Opening valuation of dairy livestock"]
[null,null,"Closing valuation of dairy livestock"]
[null,null,"Machinery"]
[null,null,"Feed in store"]
[null,null,"Fuel in store"]
[null,null,"Fertiliser in store"]
[]
[null,"Genetics"]
[null,null,null,"Holstein"]
[null,null,null,"Friesian"]
[null,null,null,"Ayrshire"]
[null,"Number of cows",null,"Jersey"]
[null,"(If zero, leave blank)",null,"Guernsey"]
[null,null,null,"Brown Swiss"]
[null,null,null,"Shorthorn"]
[null,null,null,"Montbeliarde"]
[null,null,null,"Holstein"]
[null,null,null,"Friesian"]
[null,null,null,"Ayrshire"]
[null,"PLI Percentile score",null,"Jersey"]
[null,"(If not applicable, leave blank)",null,"Guernsey"]
[null,null,null,"Brown Swiss"]
[null,null,null,"Shorthorn"]
[null,null,null,"Montbeliarde"]
[]
[]
[]
[]
["Please note that any user-provided KPI values will be displayed instead of the calculated values. "]
["If you wish to only see KPIs calculated from your inputs please delete entries from the first table on this page."]

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[null,"All Year Round Calving KPIs"]
[]
[]
[null,"Dairy enterprise KPIs","Excellent","Good","Average","Your Performance"]
[null,"Pregnancy rate",">25%",0.2,0.14000000000000001,{"$f":"IF(ISBLANK('AYR calving'!$F$6),('AYR calving'!F33/'AYR calving'!F32)*('AYR calving'!F34/'AYR calving'!F33),'AYR calving'!$F$6)","v":{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}}]
[null,"Age at first calving (months)",23,24,27.5,{"$f":"IF(ISBLANK('AYR calving'!$F$7),'AYR calving'!F28/'AYR calving'!F29,'AYR calving'!$F$7)","v":{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}}]
[null,{"$f":"CONCATENATE(\"Total purchased feed costs (ppl) - \",'AYR calving'!F25,\"L/cow\")","v":"Total purchased feed costs (ppl) - L/cow"},{"$f":"IF(ISBLANK('AYR calving'!$F$25),\"#N/A\",IF('AYR calving'!$F$25<9001,7,IF('AYR calving'!$F$25>11000,8,7.8)))","v":"#N/A"},{"$f":"IF(ISBLANK('AYR calving'!$F$25),\"#N/A\",IF('AYR calving'!$F$25<9001,7.5,IF('AYR calving'!$F$25>11000,8.5,8.5)))","v":"#N/A"},{"$f":"IF(ISBLANK('AYR calving'!$F$25),\"#N/A\",IF('AYR calving'!$F$25<9001,8,IF('AYR calving'!$F$25>11000,9.5,9)))","v":"#N/A"},{"$f":"IF(ISBLANK('AYR calving'!$F$8),'AYR calving'!F45/'AYR calving'!F22*100,'AYR calving'!$F$8)","v":{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}},{"$nulls":7},"  If this graph isn't showing check you have entered a value into the \"Approx. annual yield per cow\" row on the AYR input spreadsheet"]
[null,"Average daily lifetime yield (litres/day)",">19",14.5,12.5,{"$f":"IF(ISBLANK('AYR calving'!$F$9),'AYR calving'!F31/'AYR calving'!F30,'AYR calving'!$F$9)","v":{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}}]
[null,"Overheads* (ppl)",9,10,12.5,{"$f":"IF(ISBLANK('AYR calving'!$F$10),SUM('AYR calving'!F62:F77)/'AYR calving'!F22*100,'AYR calving'!$F$10)","v":{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}}]
[null,"Genetic Merit ",0.05,0.25,0.5,{"$f":"IF(ISBLANK('AYR calving'!F11),SUMPRODUCT('AYR calving'!F91:F98,'AYR calving'!F99:F106)/SUM('AYR calving'!F91:F98),'AYR calving'!F11)","v":{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}}]
[null,"*excluding rent and finance"]
[null,"Please note that any user-provided KPI values are displayed over calculated values"]
[]
[]
[]
[null,"Business financial measures","Excellent","Good","Average","Your Performance"]
[null,"Full economic net margin (ppl)",7,2,-3,{"$f":"IF(ISBLANK('AYR calving'!$F$13),(SUM('AYR calving'!F37:F41,('AYR calving'!F84-'AYR calving'!F83))-SUM('AYR calving'!F44:F80))/'AYR calving'!F22*100,'AYR calving'!$F$13)","v":{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}}]
[null,"Full economic costs of production (ppl)","<27.5",30,34.5,{"$f":"IF(ISBLANK('AYR calving'!$F$14),SUM('AYR calving'!F44:F80)/'AYR calving'!F22*100,'AYR calving'!$F$14)","v":{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}}]
[null,"Return on tenants-type capital",">20%",0.14000000000000001,0.03,{"$f":"IF(ISBLANK('AYR calving'!$F$15),(SUM('AYR calving'!F37:F41,('AYR calving'!F84-'AYR calving'!F83))-SUM('AYR calving'!F44:F80))/SUM(AVERAGE('AYR calving'!F84,'AYR calving'!F83),'AYR calving'!F85:F88),'AYR calving'!$F$15)","v":{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}}]
[]
[]
[{"$nulls":4},"Please note the some graph axes run from right to left"]

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[null,null,"Pregnancy rate"]
[null,null,null,"Average","Good","Excellent","Overcooked performance","Range max",{"$nulls":19},"TEST NUMBER SET"]
[null,null,"Performance targets",0.14000000000000001,0.2,0.25,"n/a",1,{"$nulls":19},"Pregnancy rate",null,null,null,0.23,"%"]
[null,null,null,"Trigger: below average","Above average","Good","Excellent",{"$nulls":20},"Age at first calving",null,null,null,24,"months"]
[null,null,"Target ranges",{"$f":"D3","v":0.14000000000000001},{"$f":"E3-D3","v":0.06},{"$f":"F3-E3","v":4.9999999999999989E-2},{"$f":"H3-F3","v":0.75},{"$nulls":4},"Dairy enterprise KPIs","Average","Good","Excellent","Grey",{"$nulls":11},"Total purchased feed costs",null,null,null,8,"ppl"]
[null,null,"Actual performance",{"$f":"'AYR KPIs'!F5","v":{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}},{"$nulls":7},"Cows and heifers calved within the first 6 weeks",0.57999999999999996,0.75,0.9,{"$nulls":12},"Average daily lifetime yield",null,null,null,15,"litres/day"]
[null,null,"performance calc",{"$f":"D6-(D8/2)","v":{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}},{"$nulls":7},"Solids output (kg milk solids per ha)",1000,1150,1250,{"$nulls":12},"Overheads (excluding rent and finace)",null,null,null,8,"ppl"]
[null,null,"performance width",3.0000000000000001E-3,{"$nulls":7},"Milk yield from forage (litres)",2600,3300,4000,{"$nulls":12},"Genetic Merit",null,null,null,0.6,"percentile"]
[{"$nulls":11},"Herd replacement rate",0.25,0.21,0.18,0.18,{"$nulls":11},"Business financial measures"]
[null,null,"Age at first calving",{"$nulls":8},"Overheads* as a proportion of income",0.41,0.37,0.3,{"$nulls":12},"Full economic costs of production",null,null,null,28,"ppl"]
[null,null,"Overcooked performance","Excellent performance","Good performance","Average performance",null,"Range max",null,null,null,"Genetic Merit ",0.5,0.25,0.1,{"$nulls":12},"Return on tenants-type capital",null,null,null,0.18,"%"]
[null,"Performance targets",22,23,24,27.5,null,30,{"$nulls":19},"Full economic net margin",null,null,null,5,"ppl"]
[null,null,"Review","Excellent","Good","Above average","Trigger: below average"]
[null,"Target ranges",{"$f":"C12","v":22},{"$f":"D12-C12","v":1},{"$f":"E12-D12","v":1},{"$f":"F12-E12","v":3.5},{"$f":"H12-F12","v":2.5}]
[null,"Actual performance",null,{"$f":"'AYR KPIs'!F6","v":{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}}]
[null,"performance calc",null,{"$f":"D15-(D17/2)","v":{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}}]
[null,"performance width",null,0.12]
[]
[null,null,{"$f":"CONCATENATE(\"Total purchased feed costs (ppl) - \",'AYR calving'!F25,\"L/cow\")","v":"Total purchased feed costs (ppl) - L/cow"}]
[null,null,null,"Excellent","Good","Average",null,"Range max"]
[null,null,"Performance targets",{"$f":"'AYR KPIs'!C7","v":"#N/A"},{"$f":"'AYR KPIs'!D7","v":"#N/A"},{"$f":"'AYR KPIs'!E7","v":"#N/A"},null,15]
[null,null,null,"Excellent","Good","Above average","Trigger: below average"]
[null,null,"Target ranges",{"$f":"D21","v":"#N/A"},{"$f":"E21-D21","v":{"$error":"#VALUE!"}},{"$f":"F21-E21","v":{"$error":"#VALUE!"}},{"$f":"H21-F21","v":{"$error":"#VALUE!"}}]
[null,null,"Actual performance",{"$f":"'AYR KPIs'!F7","v":{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}}]
[null,null,"performance calc",{"$f":"D24-0.125","v":{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}}]
[null,null,"performance width",0.13]
[]
[null,null,"Average daily lifetime yield"]
[null,null,null,"Average","Good","Excellent","Overcooked performance","Range max"]
[null,null,"Performance targets",12.5,14.5,19,"n/a",25]
[null,null,null,"Trigger: below average","Above average","Good","Excellent"]
[null,null,"Target ranges",{"$f":"D30","v":12.5},{"$f":"E30-D30","v":2},{"$f":"F30-E30","v":4.5},{"$f":"H30-F30","v":6}]
[null,null,"Actual performance",{"$f":"'AYR KPIs'!F8","v":{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}}]
[null,null,"performance calc",{"$f":"D33-(D35/2)","v":{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}}]
[null,null,"performance width",0.18]
[]
[null,null,"Overheads"]
[null,null,null,"Excellent","Good","Average",null,"Range max"]
[null,null,"Performance targets",9,10,12.5,null,20]
[null,null,null,"Excellent","Good","Above average","Trigger: below average"]
[null,null,"Target ranges",{"$f":"D39","v":9},{"$f":"E39-D39","v":1},{"$f":"F39-E39","v":2.5},{"$f":"H39-F39","v":7.5}]
[null,null,"Actual performance",{"$f":"'AYR KPIs'!F9","v":{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}}]
[null,null,"performance calc",{"$f":"D42-(D44/2)","v":{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}}]
[null,null,"performance width",0.12]
[]
[null,null,"Genetic merit"]
[null,null,null,"Excellent","Good","Average","Overcooked performance","Range max"]
[null,null,"Performance targets",0.05,0.25,0.5,"n/a",1]
[null,null,null,"Excellent","Good","Above average","Trigger: below average"]
[null,null,"Target ranges",{"$f":"D48","v":0.05},{"$f":"E48-D48","v":0.2},{"$f":"F48-E48","v":0.25},{"$f":"H48-F48","v":0.5}]
[null,null,"Actual performance",{"$f":"'AYR KPIs'!F10","v":{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}}]
[null,null,"performance calc",{"$f":"D51-(D53/2)","v":{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}}]
[null,null,"performance width",0.01]
[]
[null,null,"Full economic costs of production (ppl)"]
[null,null,null,"Excellent","Good","Average",null,"Range max"]
[null,null,"Performance targets",27.5,30,34.5,null,40]
[null,null,null,"Excellent","Good","Above average","Trigger: below average"]
[null,null,"Target ranges",{"$f":"D57","v":27.5},{"$f":"E57-D57","v":2.5},{"$f":"F57-E57","v":4.5},{"$f":"H57-F57","v":5.5}]
[null,null,"Actual performance",{"$f":"'AYR KPIs'!F18","v":{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}}]
[null,null,"performance calc",{"$f":"D60-0.125","v":{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}}]
[null,null,"performance width",0.25]
[]
[null,null,"Return on tenants capital (%)"]
[null,null,null,"Average","Good","Excellent",null,"Range max","Range min"]
[null,null,"Performance targets",0.03,0.14000000000000001,0.2,null,1,-0.5]
[null,null,null,"Trigger: below average","Above average","Good","Excellent","negative"]
[null,null,"Target ranges",{"$f":"D66","v":0.03},{"$f":"E66-D66","v":0.11000000000000001},{"$f":"F66-E66","v":0.06},{"$f":"H66-F66","v":0.8},{"$f":"I66","v":-0.5},null,null,null,"Business financial measures","Average","Good","Excellent"]
[null,null,"Actual performance",{"$f":"'AYR KPIs'!F19","v":{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}},{"$nulls":7},"Income retained",0.02,0.16,0.2]
[null,null,"performance calc",{"$f":"IF(D69<0,D69+0.003,D69-0.003)","v":{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}},{"$nulls":7},"Return on tenants-type capital",0.03,0.14000000000000001,0.2]
[null,null,"performance width",6.0000000000000001E-3,{"$nulls":7},"Full economic costs of production (ppl)",33,29.6,23]
[]
[null,null,"Full economic net margin"]
[null,null,null,"Average","Good","Excellent",null,"Range max","Range min"]
[null,null,"Performance targets",-3,2,7,null,20,-20]
[null,null,null,"Trigger: below average","-ve ab av","Above average","Good","Excellent","negative"]
[null,null,"Target ranges",{"$f":"I75-D75","v":-17},{"$f":"D75","v":-3},{"$f":"E75","v":2},{"$f":"F75-E75","v":5},{"$f":"H75-F75","v":13}]
[null,null,"Actual performance",{"$f":"'AYR KPIs'!F17","v":{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}}]
[null,null,"performance calc",{"$f":"IF(D78<0,D78+(D80/2),D78-(D80/2))","v":{"$error":"#DIV/0!"}}]
[null,null,"performance width",0.22]

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["Optimal Dairy Systems KPI definitions"]
[]
[null,"BLOCK CALVING SYSTEMS (calve in 12 week block)"]
[null,"Dairy Enterprise KPIs","Excellent                      (Top 5% performer or aspirational target)","Good                           (Top 25% performance)","Average                 (Industry average where available)","Definitions","Figures required","Example calculation","Points to note","Reason KPI selected"]
[null,"Cows & heifers calved within the first 6 weeks (%)",">90%",0.8,0.7,"Number of cows and heifers calved in the first 6 weeks from the planned start of calving\n÷\nTotal number of cows and heifers due to calve\n×\n100\n=\n6 week calving rate %\n\n","● Number of cows (incl' heifers) calved in first 6 weeks \n● Total number of cows to calve\n                                                                                                                       ","90 cows calved\n÷\n100 cows & heifers in-calf\n×\n100\n=\n90%","● Should include served heifers (AI or natural)\n● Should not include cows and heifers that haven't been served","Good fertility to achieve a tight block is key to a profitable block calving herd.  A tight calving period can lead to more days in milk. If the target 6 week calving rate is not being reached it is an indicator of issues such as fertility and /or cow management. "]
[null,"Herd replacement rate (%)","<20%",0.22,0.26,"The number of animals required to replace cows that have left the herd (including voluntary culls, involuntary culls, deaths, and sold milking animals) during a defined period (usually 12 months) expressed as a percentage of the average herd size during the same period.","● Number of cull cows, voluntary and involuntary cull cows\n● Number of cow deaths\n● Number of milking animals sold\n● Number of cows in herd\n                                                                         ","11 voluntary cull cows\n+\n2 involuntary cull cows\n+\n1 cow deaths\n+\n10 milking animals sold\n=\n24 cows\n÷\n100 cows in herd\nx\n100\n=\n24% herd replacement rate","● Cows that were TB reactors and culled would be included as involuntary culls","Fewer replacement animals required, through increased cow longevity, results in lower costs and higher lifetime productivity."]
[null,"Milk solids output per hectare (kg MS/ha)",">1500kg/ha","1250kg/ha","1100kg/ha","Milk yield (kg MS)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     ÷                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Total grazing and silage area used only for milking cows                                                                                                                                                      =                                                                                                                                                                           Milk solids output per hectare (kg MS/ha)\n\n","● 12 month milk production in litres\n● 12 month average butterfat and protein %\n● Total hectares used by the milking herd for grazing and silage\n             ","84,460kg milk solids yield\n[(1,000,000 litres x 1.03*) x (4.6% butterfat + 3.6% protein ÷ 100) = 1,030,000kg x 0.082]\n÷\n75 ha total grazing and silage area\n=\n*converts litres to kg of milk","● Total forage area should include the grazing on the milking platform plus any area that is used to produce forage (ie grass silage, maize etc) for milking and dry cows only\n● Only include areas of silage, maize etc that went to the dairy herd\n● Exclude areas exclusively used by youngstock or other livestock                                                                                    ","This is a calculation based on a combination of yield per cow and stocking rate per hectare. Profitable dairy farming is strongly linked to the amount of grass that is harvested per hectare and together with supplementary feed, how efficiently that grass is converted into milk solids. Milk solids yield per hectare records the amount of milk fat and protein produced per hectare. However this can be limited by the land capability, although knowing the optimum stocking rate for the farm will help optimise the production per hectare without impacting profitability."]
[null,"Milk yield from forage (litres) and (solids)",">5,000l   (427kg)","4,000l      (342kg)","2,750l         (235kg)","Total annual milk production\n ÷\nAverage number of cows in herd = Milk yield per cow\n-\nThe milk produced by concentrates\n=\nMilk from forage\n","● 12 month milk production in litres\n● Average number of cows in the herd\n● Average kilos of concentrate fed per cow\n             ","1,000,000 litres annual milk production\n÷\n130 cows in herd = 7692 litres/cow/year                                                                                                                                                                                                                           -                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    4444 litres/cow/year from concentrates (2000kg/cow/year of concentrate used ÷ 0.45*)\n=\n3248 litres/cow/year from forage (7692 litres – 4444 litres)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  *this is the amount of concentrate at 13.5MJME/kgDM to produce 1 litre of standard milk\n","● Concentrates are anything but forage","Regardless of the farming system quality forage (particularly grazed grass) will always be the cheapest form of feed. The more milk produced from forage the greater the profitability. "]
[null,"Overheads (excluding rent and finance)","9ppl","10.5ppl","12.5ppl","Overheads of the herd but excluding the rent and finance","For a 12 month period\nCASH OVERHEADS\n● Paid labour\n● Machinery repairs, spares, tax and insurance\n● Machinery hire and contracting\n● Electricity and fuel\n● Building repairs\n● Water\n● Telephone, general insurances, professional fees\n● Miscellaneous\nOTHER OVERHEAD COSTS\n● Machinery and dairy facilities/buildings depreciation\n● Value of unpaid labour (standardise at £30,000/full time equivalent \nTOTAL MILK PRODUCED (litres)","£34,000 Cash overheads\n+\n£30,000 machinery and buildings depreciation\n+\n£30,000 unpaid labour value  (£30,000 per full-time family person)\n=\n£94,000 total overheads (excluding rent and finance)\n÷\n1,000,000 litres milk produced\nx\n100\n=\n9.4ppl","● Based on Comparable Farm Profit benchmarking which omits rent and finance\n● Uses unpaid labour cost of £30,000 per full-time person","Overhead costs are one of the largest sources of variation in the cost of production. Labour, power and machinery are all inter-related, so it is important to measure overheads in detail and benchmark where the best farmers are, find detailed areas to focus on and set targets to lower the cost base. Collecting this data and setting SMART targets will help all dairy farmers assess their business overheads and improve. "]
[null,"Genetic merit","5th percentile","25th percentile","50th percentile","This is the percentile your average £ACI score (for autumn calving) or £SCI (for spring calving) falls into compared with the average GB milk-recorded herd. For more information on how to obtain this value please refer to the 'how to get your genetic merit value' section below. ","See ‘How to get your genetic merit value’ section below","See ‘How to get your genetic merit value’ section below","Fully milk recording herds can find their average milking herd genetic merit for either the £PLI (all year round or autumn block calving) or £SCI (spring block calving) through the AHDB Dairy Herd Genetic Report (HGR).  Fully milk recording herds are those recording on an ICAR approved scheme at a minimum of 5 times within a lactation. During these recordings each cows has its milk yield recorded and milk samples taken.","The performance of a dairy herd is determined by two factors, the management of the herd and the genetics of the herd.  Therefore, in order to drive progress and improve their performance through the Optimal Dairy Systems genetics must be a consideration."]
[]
[]
[null,"ALL YEAR ROUND CALVING (not 12 week block calving)"]
[null,"Dairy Enterprise KPIs","Excellent                      (Top 5% performer or aspirational target)","Good                           (Top 25% performance)","Average                 (Industry average where available)","Definitions","Figures required","Example calculation","Points to note","Reason KPI selected"]
[null,"Pregnancy rate (%)",">25%",0.2,0.14000000000000001,"Pregnancy rate (also known as the  % cows eligible for service that conceived) is the percentage of cows eligible to be bred in any 21-day period (following a 50-day voluntary waiting period) that are served and hold in calf. \n\n","● Figures from the latest group of calved cows or rolling yearly average\n● Number of cows eligible to become pregnant\n● Number of cows inseminated\n● Number of cows that became pregnant                                          ","50 open cows are eligible to become pregnant (after a 50-day voluntary waiting period)\n\n30 cows are inseminated (30 of 50 open cows) = 60% submission rate\n\n12 cows become pregnant (12 of 30 inseminated cows) = 40% conception rate\n\n60% submission rate\nx\n40% conception rate\n=\n24% pregnancy rate for this 21-day period\nOR\n12 pregnant cows\n÷\n50 eligible cows\nx\n100\n=\n24% pregnancy rate for this 21-day period","● Use on-farm software if available (eg UNIFORM or DC305, Interherd/Interherd+ and Total Vet) \n● If software not available, calculate using the latest group of cows that calved and work back to their insemination\n● A 50 day voluntary waiting period is used to standardise the figures for comparability","If any genetic merit is to be passed from one generation to the next fertility is key. Pregnancy rate provides an overall measure of the herd’s fertility and is comparable between farms and systems. It is fundamental to increasing the daily weight of milk sold per cow as well as generating calves for replacement or sale. \nPregnancy rate is the best way of measuring the efficiency of pregnancy production as it is real time and takes into account the whole herd unlike other measures of fertility and so has a real impact on profitability.\n\n"]
[null,"Age at first calving (months)","23 months (but not less than 22 months)","24 months","27.5 months","The average first calving age over a 12-month period is the addition of all ages of first calvings divided by the total number of first calvings. \n\n\n","● The individual ages or average age of heifers calved in the 12 month period\n● The number of heifers calved in the 12 month period              ","26 months (1st heifer)\n+\n25.5 months (2nd heifer)\n+\n24 months (3rd heifer)\n=\n75.5 sum of 3 heifer ages at first calving\n÷\n3 heifers' first calvings\n=\n25.2 months of age at first calving",null,"So much of a cow’s lifetime performance, fertility and longevity depends on the rearing it received as a heifer. Achieving target weights and ensuring that heifers calve down at 24 months will benefit animal health and fertility of the herd and drive profitability. This KPI has been selected as if achieved it will contribute to achieving the other KPIs."]
[null,"Total purchased feed costs (ppl)","8,000l - 7ppl\n10,000l - 7.8ppl\n12,000l - 8ppl","8,000l - 7.5ppl\n10,000l - 8.5ppl\n12,000l - 8.5ppl","8,000l - 8ppl\n10,000l - 9ppl\n12,000l - 9.5ppl","All purchased feed costs including concentrates and bulk/moist feeds. This cost should be divided by the total milk produced.","● Cost of purchased concentrates/blends for the milking herd\n● Cost of purchased straights for the milking herd\n● Cost of purchased co-products for the milking herd\n● 12 month quantity of milk produced                                                 ","£70,000 (all purchased cow concentrates, blends, cereal and protein straights, co-products)\n÷\n1,000,000 litres annual milk production\nx\n100\n=\n7 pence per litre (ppl) total purchased feed costs","● KPI targets based on net margin performance NOT lowest feed cost\n● Excludes value of homegrown cereals and proteins\n● Fed to cows only ie excludes rearing youngstock","Feed is one of the highest costs and as such represents a key area where there is potential for improving business profitability. It varies considerably depending on dairy system, but can be compared within similar systems and monitored on a monthly, or annual basis. Low feed costs can indicate a higher proportion of production is from forage (particularly when forage is of high quality) and vice versa. This KPI depends not only on  the amount of feed the cows eat, but also its price."]
[null,"Average daily lifetime yield (litres/day)",">19 litres","14.5 litres","12.5 litres","The average of total milk sold (litres) divided by age (in days from birth to culling) for cows leaving the herd during the year.                                                                                  ","● Average age in days of the cull cows in 12 month period\n● Number of cows culled in 12 month period\n● Average age in days of cows that died in 12 month period\n● Number of cows died in 12 month period\n● Average milk produced over lifetime per culled/died cow\n                                                                  ","2189 days average age of cull cows x 13 cull cows\n+\n2,010 days average age of cows that died x 1 cow death\n=\n30,467 days total age of cows culled or died\n                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         24,300 litres average produced per cull cow in lifetime x 13 cows\n+\n19,500 litres average produced per cow that died in its lifetime x 1 cow death\n=\n335,400 litres produced in lifetime by cull cows and cows that died\nSo\naverage daily lifetime yield (litres)\n=\n335,400 litres ÷ 30,467 days (total litres produced by cull/died cows ÷ total days of age of cows culled/died)\n=\n11 litres average daily lifetime yield                                                                                                                                                                                          ","● Exclude cows and heifers sold on for further milking or breeding\n● Milk produced is all milk whether sold or consumed","Daily lifetime yield averages out total milk production over every day a cow has been alive. Cows that start milking at a young age, have a short calving interval and are healthy enough to last several lactations, will have a much higher LDY than those who are older at first calving, do not get back in calf very quickly and have poor longevity. A high yielding cow that doesn’t make it to the third lactation because of poor health or fertility will have a lower daily lifetime yield than a cow that reaches fifth lactation but with a lower average yield per day."]
[null,"Overheads (excluding rent and finance)","9ppl","10ppl","12.5ppl","Overheads of the herd but excluding the rent and finance","For a 12 month period\nCASH OVERHEADS\n● Paid labour\n● Machinery repairs, spares, tax and insurance\n● Machinery hire and contracting\n● Electricity and fuel\n● Building repairs\n● Water\n● Telephone, general insurances, professional fees\n● Miscellaneous\nOTHER OVERHEAD COSTS\n● Machinery and dairy facilities/buildings depreciation\n● Value of unpaid labour (standardise at £30,000/full time equivalent \nTOTAL MILK PRODUCED (litres)","£34,000 Cash overheads\n+\n£30,000 machinery and buildings depreciation\n+\n£30,000 unpaid labour value  (£30,000 per full-time family person)\n=\n£94,000 total overheads (excluding rent and finance)\n÷\n1,000,000 litres milk produced\nx\n100\n=\n9.4ppl","● Based on Comparable Farm Profit benchmarking which omits rent and finance\n● Uses unpaid labour cost of £30,000 per full-time person","Overhead costs are one of the largest sources of variation in the cost of production. Labour, power and machinery are all inter-related, so it is important to measure overheads in detail and benchmark where the best farmers are, find detailed areas to focus on and set targets to lower the cost base. Collecting this data and setting SMART targets will help all dairy farmers assess their business overheads and improve. "]
[null,"Genetic merit","5th percentile","25th percentile","50th percentile","This is the percentile your average £PLI score falls into compared with the average GB milk-recorded herd. For more information on how to obtain this value please refer to the 'how to get your genetic merit value' section below. ","See ‘How to get your genetic merit value’ section below","See ‘How to get your genetic merit value’ section below","Fully milk recording herds can find their average milking herd genetic merit for either the £PLI (all year round or autumn block calving) or £SCI (spring block calving) through the AHDB Dairy Herd Genetic Report (HGR).  Fully milk recording herds are those recording on an ICAR approved scheme at a minimum of 5 times within a lactation. During these recordings each cows has its milk yield recorded and milk samples taken.","The performance of a dairy herd is determined by two factors, the management of the herd and the genetics of the herd.  Therefore, in order to drive progress and improve their performance through the Optimal Dairy Systems genetics must be a consideration."]
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[null,"ALL SYSTEMS","5-year rolling average targets"]
[null,"Business Financial Measures","Excellent                      (Top 5% performer or aspirational target)","Good                           (Top 25% performance)","Average                 (Industry average where available)","Definitions","Figures Required","Example calculation","Points to note","Reason KPI selected"]
[null,"Full economic net margin (ppl) ","7ppl","2ppl","-3ppl","Full economic net margin: Difference between the income and costs of milk production as follows: \nIncome\n● Milk and dairy livestock sales\n● Livestock valuation change\n● Other dairy related income (eg muck and 13th payment)\nless\n● All cash costs\n● Value of homegrown cereals and proteins\n● Depreciation\n● Value of all unpaid labour\n● Rental value of owned land                              ","For a 12 month period\nINCOME\n● Milk and dairy livestock sales (inc' transfers to beef enterprises) \n● Opening and closing valuation of the dairy cows and youngstock\n● Other dairy related income\nCASH COSTS\n● Dairy heifer/cow/bull purchases\n● Purchased feed and forage\n● Value of home-grown cereals and proteins\n● Short-term keep\n● Fertiliser, seeds and sprays\n● Vet and medicines\n● AI and breeding\n● Contract heifer rearing\n● Bedding and dairy/livestock/parlour sundries\n● Paid labour\n● Machinery repairs, spares, tax and insurance\n● Machinery hire and contracting\n● Electricity and fuel\n● Building repairs\n● Rent\n● Bank charges\n● Water\n● Telephone, general insurances, professional fees\n● Miscellaneous\nOTHER OVERHEAD COSTS\n● Machinery and dairy facilities/buildings depreciation\n● Value of unpaid labour (standardise at £30,000/full time equivalent \n● Rental value for owned land (standardise at (£245/ha or £99/ac)\nTOTAL MILK PRODUCED (litres)","£280,000 Income\n-\n£180,000 Cash costs\n+\n£50,000 Other overhead costs\n÷\n1,000,000 Total milk produced (litres)\nx\n100\n=\n5 pence per litre (ppl) full economic net margin","● Should include whole herd (milking cows, dry cows and dairy youngstock)\n● Exclude any private drawings and tax\n● Sales income should include milk and livestock and any other dairy related income coming from the dairy and youngstock herd eg sales of muck, 13th payments\n● Use an unpaid labour cost of £30,000 per full-time person\n● Include all cash costs and other overhead costs  for both the dairy and youngstock herd\n● Value of homegrown cereals and proteins should be the market value ie if sold off farm\n● Rental value of owned land should use standardised value of £245/ha (£99/ac) - based on national 5 year average of pasture rented under ATA 95 tenancies \n● Does not include interest payments for comparative basis but add back in for an individual farm comparison on a year-to-year basis                                                                                                                                                                       ","Net margin or profit is used to pay for loan repayments, tax and capital expenditure. It is the ultimate measure of the farm’s ability to reinvest, grow and attract a new generation of staff and ownership. It could be considered the ultimate day to day KPI to which all others contribute. The key message is that this one has to be positive or business change may be required ."]
[null,"Full economic costs of production (ppl)","AYR <27.5ppl                                         Block <24ppl","30ppl","34.5ppl","Full economic costs of production: Including for milk, replacements and other dairy livestock\n● All cash costs\n● Value of homegrown cereals and proteins\n● Depreciation\n● Value of all unpaid labour\n● Rental value of owned land                              ","For a 12 month period\nCASH COSTS\n● Dairy heifer/cow/bull purchases\n● Purchased feed and forage\n● Value of home-grown cereals and proteins\n● Short-term keep\n● Fertiliser, seeds and sprays\n● Vet and medicines\n● AI and breeding\n● Contract heifer rearing\n● Bedding and dairy/livestock/parlour sundries\n● Paid labour\n● Machinery repairs, spares, tax and insurance\n● Machinery hire and contracting\n● Electricity and fuel\n● Building repairs\n● Rent\n● Bank charges\n● Water\n● Telephone, general insurances, professional fees\n● Miscellaneous\nOTHER OVERHEAD COSTS\n● Machinery and dairy facilities/buildings depreciation\n● Value of unpaid labour (standardise at £30,000/full time equivalent \n● Rental value for owned land (standardise at (£245/ha or £99/ac)\nTOTAL MILK PRODUCED (litres)","£90,000 Cash costs\n+\n£50,000 Other overhead costs\n÷\n1,000,000 Total milk produced (litres)\nx\n100\n=\n25 pence per litre (ppl) full economic costs of production","● This is not a break-even milk price figure\n● Include all cash costs and other overhead costs  for both the dairy and youngstock \n● Use an unpaid labour cost of £30,000 per full-time person\n● Value of homegrown cereals and proteins should be the market value ie if sold off farm\n● Rental value of owned land should use standardised value of £245/ha (£99/ac) - based on national 5 year average of pasture rented under ATA 95 tenancies \n● Does not include calf/heifer/cow sales\n● Does not include interest payments for comparative basis but add back in for an individual farm comparison on a year to year basis                                                                                                                                                                        ","This is a key driver of profit. It allows farms of different and similar farming systems to be compared. Knowing the costs of the business is vital. By achieving this KPI the industry will improve its profitability. By setting and achieving a low target for total costs the industry will become more resilient to market volatility and periods of low milk price payments."]
[null,"Return on tenants-type capital (%)",">20%",0.14000000000000001,0.03,"Full economic net margin as a proportion of the tenants capital (or assets) is that which only a tenant would own (ie land or buildings are not included), less the value of unpaid  labour\n","For a 12 month period\nINCOME\n● Milk and dairy livestock sales (inc' transfers to beef enterprises)\n● Opening and closing valuation of the dairy cows and youngstock\n● Other dairy related income\nCASH COSTS\n● Dairy heifer/cow/bull purchases\n● Purchased feed and forage\n● Value of home-grown cereals and proteins\n● Short-term keep\n● Fertiliser, seeds and sprays\n● Vet and medicines\n● AI and breeding\n● Contract heifer rearing\n● Bedding and dairy/livestock/parlour sundries\n● Paid labour\n● Machinery repairs, spares, tax and insurance\n● Machinery hire and contracting\n● Electricity and fuel\n● Building repairs\n● Rent\n● Bank charges\n● Water\n● Telephone, general insurances, professional fees\n● Miscellaneous\nOTHER OVERHEAD COSTS\n● Machinery and dairy facilities/buildings depreciation\n● Value of unpaid labour (standardise at £30,000/full time equivalent \n● Rental value for owned land (standardise at (£245/ha or £99/ac)\nTENANTS-TYPE CAPITAL\n● Valuation of the dairy livestock\n● Valuation of the dairy machinery and dairy facilities\n● Average value of dairy feed, forage and fuel in store","£50,000 Full economic net margin\n÷\n£650,000 Tenants-type capital\nx\n100\n=\n7.7% Return on tenants-type capital      ","● Tenants Capital (or assets) is that which only a tenant only would own ie land or buildings are not included\n● Should include whole herd (milking herd and youngstock)\n● Use an unpaid  labour cost of £30,000 per full-time person \n● Rental value of owned land should use standardised value of £245/ha (£99/ac) - based on national 5 year average of pasture rented under ATA 95 tenancies \n● Exclude any private drawings and tax\n● Should still be calculated for owner occupiers                                                                                                                             ","Return on capital is a very useful measure of business performance and links both the performances of the balance sheet and the profit and loss account. It is also an indicator of the business's ability to generate income. If the business struggles to meet the return on capital targets, it could indicate that it is over capitalised for its size and or underperforming in trading.  "]
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[null,"HOW TO GET YOUR GENETIC MERIT VALUE"]
[null,"How to get your genetic merit value","Fully milk recording herds can find their average milking herd genetic merit for either the £PLI (all year round or autumn block calving), £SCI (spring block calving) or £ACI (Autumn block calving) through the AHDB Dairy Herd Genetic Report (HGR).  Requests should be sent to breeding.evaluations@ahdb.org.uk and include your trading name, business address and milk recording number.  Once logged into the HGR scroll down to the Herd Standards table where the drop down menu at the top with automatically have selected ‘Milking Herd’ (highlighted by the green box in the example screen shot below).  The second column shows the economic index you have selected for your herd (either £PLI or £SCI) and has highlighted the cell where your milking herd sits.  Column one then gives which percentile your herd sits in for the economic index – in the example herd screen shot this is highlighted by the blue box around the 10th percentile.  This example herd would enter 10 into this calculator.  Please note, if no cell is highlighted in the £PLI/£SCI column your herd genetic merit is in the bottom 99th percentile.\n \nThe Herd Genetic Report is only available for herds fully milk recording with NMR, CIS and Dale Farm.  If you are not able to receive a Herd Genetic Report you can calculate genetic merit with our alternative tool, found at http://dairycobreeding.org.uk/geneticmerit/\n"]
[null,"Genetic merit example image"]